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Gynae cancer screening

Gynae cancer screening involves the use of various tests and examinations to detect the early signs or presence of gynecological cancers in women. The purpose of screening is to identify cancers at an early stage when they are more treatable and have a higher chance of successful outcomes.

Common types of gynecological cancers that are screened for include cervical, ovarian, uterine (endometrial), vaginal, and vulvar cancers. The specific screening methods may vary depending on the type of cancer being targeted. Here are some examples of gynae cancer screening methods:

  1. Pap smear (Pap test): This test is primarily used to screen for cervical cancer. It involves collecting cells from the cervix to examine for any abnormalities or precancerous changes.

  2. HPV testing: Human papillomavirus (HPV) testing can be done alongside or following a Pap smear to detect the presence of high-risk HPV types that can lead to cervical cancer.

  3. Transvaginal ultrasound: This imaging test uses sound waves to create images of the uterus, ovaries, and surrounding structures. It can help identify any abnormalities or masses that may be indicative of ovarian, uterine, or other gynecological cancers.

  4. Pelvic examination: During a pelvic exam, the healthcare provider visually inspects and manually examines the reproductive organs, including the cervix, uterus, ovaries, and vagina, to check for any abnormalities or signs of cancer.

  5. CA-125 blood test: This blood test measures the levels of CA-125, a tumor marker associated with ovarian cancer. It may be used in combination with other tests for screening or monitoring purposes.

  6. Colposcopy: A colposcopy is performed if abnormalities are detected in a Pap smear. It involves using a specialized instrument to closely examine the cervix, vagina, and vulva for any abnormal areas that may require further evaluation or biopsy.

It is essential to consult with a healthcare professional or gynecologist to determine the appropriate screening tests and schedules based on individual risk factors, age, and medical history. Regular gynae cancer screening plays a crucial role in early detection, improving treatment outcomes, and reducing the impact of gynecological cancers on women’s health.